Farm Training or Forced Labor?

The photo processing envelope containing photographs taken by John A. Keirn in Tuba City, Arizona. Note: His name is misspelled. Courtesy Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University

In this undated photo taken by John A. Keirn, Indian school students pose behind a mound of apples they have picked.

In this undated photo taken by John A. Keirn, students pose holding what appear to be radishes gathered at the school farm.

In this undated photo taken by John A. Keirn, younger school students working on school farm pose with shovels and hoes.

In this undated photo taken by John A. Keirn, students pose with rugs and popular American magazines. Courtesy: Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.